tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31696597711318256082024-03-13T20:03:09.283-07:00Architecture in the Light of DayMartin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.comBlogger50125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-59918612106236144862015-12-04T11:34:00.002-08:002015-12-04T11:50:40.141-08:00Fort York National Historic Site<img height="16" id="t271ke6dpmlq" src="data:image/gif;base64,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" width="16" /><br />
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<span style="color: #666666; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The lobby of the new visitors' center by Patkau Architects is elegant, as one would expect from this firm. Southern sun and skylight slide in through deep but narrow openings so that it diffuses softly from the wall surfaces to create a bright, open public room. But the structure is literally overshadowed by the Gardiner Expressway. It's very nearly underneath the elevated highway, such that a clear view of the southern sky and light is impossible. There will be middays with clear sun and blue sky that leave the center in significant shadow as seen in the photos, above.</span></span><br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OstYTKOhk7E/VmHubH1k0_I/AAAAAAAAAT0/jCaZ1ziooQA/s1600/Screen%2BShot%2B2015-11-26%2Bat%2B10.47.02%2BAM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="157" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OstYTKOhk7E/VmHubH1k0_I/AAAAAAAAAT0/jCaZ1ziooQA/s400/Screen%2BShot%2B2015-11-26%2Bat%2B10.47.02%2BAM.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #666666; font-family: 'helvetica neue', arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: justify;">One imagines that this center and exhibition space might have been first designed for another part of the side--maybe on the north side of the open field instead of the southern edge. The tilted Cor-Ten panels seem to be shying away from the highway structure, fearful of it. The lobby peeks through, in between the steel panels, toward light, as if through spread fingers, to protect itself from an impending blow.</span><br />
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</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-74984238772682208032015-10-24T19:38:00.001-07:002015-10-24T19:47:08.459-07:00<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--tHZwXy5q5U/VixAT8EX44I/AAAAAAAAASY/sc0ZdcyfdSY/s1600/Concordia%2BChapel%2Bsidelight%2Bbw.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--tHZwXy5q5U/VixAT8EX44I/AAAAAAAAASY/sc0ZdcyfdSY/s320/Concordia%2BChapel%2Bsidelight%2Bbw.jpg" width="240" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Daylight sneaks into Eero Saarinen's chapel on the Concordia College campus in Fort Wayne, Indiana, through two breaks in its roof, and along both sides at the base. The tall peak of the chapel's long, gabled roof is split to admit daylight from the top of the sky; under that skylight is an array of electric light fixtures. The roof is also opened on the south side, adjacent to the pulpit to illuminate the service. This photo was converted from color to black and white, increasing its contrast: the illumination in the room is really much softer. It's even a little dim. More illumination would bring vitality to the room.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Even sneakier is how the day uprights the steep ceiling inside. The roof overlaps the foundation wall on both long sides of the space so that light is permitted to enter from the sides of the chapel, low, brightening the underside of the roof--but not quite enough.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-40987496098558489512015-10-04T14:47:00.002-07:002015-10-04T14:47:57.180-07:00I delivered a presentation about Gunnar Asplund's Stockholm Public Library and Asplund's use of daylight to generate the building design. To see a video of the presentation at the 6th Velux Daylighting Symposium in London, use this link: <a href="http://thedaylightsite.com/symposium/2015-2/presentations/">http://thedaylightsite.com/symposium/2015-2/presentations/</a> and scroll down to the 3 September 2015 Morning session and you'll find the video. At this location, you'll also find a brief written version of the presentation.<br />
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Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-27690716958093219012013-06-28T11:50:00.000-07:002013-06-28T11:52:42.724-07:00Water and Daylight 2<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #666666; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 14px;"> The Getty Museum, Los Angeles, December 2012</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-6128682125804927072013-06-12T16:08:00.006-07:002013-06-12T16:14:45.564-07:00Water and Daylight 1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The Getty Museum, Los Angeles, December 2012</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-37997040635241350422013-06-04T07:59:00.004-07:002013-06-04T08:30:38.447-07:00Zaha Hadid's Broad Museum<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y5xWvYKJD_U/Ua4ACmk68DI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/VXAMTlOUE9M/s1600/Screen+shot+2013-06-04+at+10.49.03+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y5xWvYKJD_U/Ua4ACmk68DI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/VXAMTlOUE9M/s640/Screen+shot+2013-06-04+at+10.49.03+AM.png" width="529" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #343434; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">The Eli and Edythe</span></b><span style="color: #343434; font-size: 13pt;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Broad Museum East Lansing<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9pt;">It has been suggested that Zaha
Hadid’s Broad Museum in East Lansing looks like the business face of those multiple-bladed
men’s razors.*</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9pt;"> The lower left image,
of a Gillette razor, depicts the device as (a) emitting some kind of spooky
shaving rays or (b) maybe blocking incoming radiation.</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9pt;">I’ll assume that the Hadid office had
something like the latter in mind, with its deep, stainless steel fins arrayed
across the museum’s large, glazed openings (lower right image), oriented such
that they will most certainly receive direct sun.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The top photo, of a portion
of the museum exterior, is not exactly the way the museum looks, but the reason
it turned out this way, a happy accident in terms of taking graphically
interesting photos, is the point I want to consider.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The photo was taken on a bright, sunny, clear-blue-sky day
in mid-April, just after noon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
camera was set to automatically determine the aperture opening and the length
of time its shutter is open.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Following its automatic program, the camera correctly read the intense
glare of reflected sunlight and determined that, with so much energy fleeing
the stainless steel surfaces, it set itself so as to drastically sift out extra
light.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Otherwise, faced with an
unmediated blast of solar radiation, the camera would have produced nothing
more than a white image.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
photograph is evidence that there was still so much sunlight jumping off the
building’s skin, even after the camera shut itself down, that the essential
texture of the building was still discernable. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the camera had to shut itself down so much that the midday
sky went dark: it reads as if it were nighttime.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Viewing the building, our eyes work similarly to defend the
retina against a flood of glare.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The message of the facade can
be read, most sympathetically, as representative of the need to shield artwork
from daylight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The delivery of
that message is a little extreme: the glare coming off the stainless steel is
substantial (like the rays emitted from those razor blades).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another way to consider a working
elevation for a building, a museum or otherwise, is as a design that not only
shields the interior from a surfeit of illumination, but works to shade itself
and, at the same time, treat the viewing eye gently.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Inside, the small museum has six
long-ish galleries that stretch away from a sky and north-side illuminated
central stair.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s a simple plan
idea and entirely appropriate to a museum this size.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is at this center where daylight is permitted to enter
most effectively and so that a little daylight sneaks harmlessly into the
galleries and helps us to orient ourselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Light also enters the western galleries, from the west and
southwest, limiting the work that can be shown to that which is durable enough
to resist the deteriorating rays of the sun. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Deep fins and tinted glass will filter the light
somewhat, but the uses of these galleries must still be constrained.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The light is welcome visually; the curators will no doubt
take care to work with it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The upstairs
eastern gallery only receives a bit of daylight from the central stair at one
end, making it safe for more fragile artworks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The café at the east end, near the east entrance, is
substantially daylighted and with considerably less protection for the interior
spaces. The space is visually interesting, open, patterned with light and shadow,
but may sometimes turn out to be uncomfortable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lots of air conditioning may be needed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The question is, does the
aggressively variegated, reflective envelope and the configuring of the
building so that it appears to be aiming itself at something, contribute
significantly to the interior daylight quality and performance of its galleries?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Probably not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You could get these good interior spaces without all that
aggravation. Nevertheless, it’s a nice, small museum.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Citations <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Broad Museum photos: c. 2013</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Martin Schwartz<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gillette Fusion ProGlide
Power Razor image:</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.gillette.com/en/us/products/razors/proglide.aspx</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="text-transform: uppercase;">*</span> Thanks to Chris Sullivan.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<!--EndFragment--><br />
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-6683851633334814962013-02-13T07:11:00.000-08:002013-02-13T07:11:29.196-08:00Can Lis: Form and Performance<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zz7BeYRJzFw/URusFfqd-wI/AAAAAAAAAPo/Bc3v9-LSF_o/s1600/june+21+400pm.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zz7BeYRJzFw/URusFfqd-wI/AAAAAAAAAPo/Bc3v9-LSF_o/s320/june+21+400pm.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fJW_7e8m7ew/URusHTtuFQI/AAAAAAAAAPw/0-BwJ8r9dQs/s1600/Screen+shot+2013-02-13+at+9.59.52+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="168" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fJW_7e8m7ew/URusHTtuFQI/AAAAAAAAAPw/0-BwJ8r9dQs/s320/Screen+shot+2013-02-13+at+9.59.52+AM.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One of Utzon’s
most important works is a house he designed for himself and his family near
Petro Porto on the Spanish island of Majorca, off the Mediterranean coast near
Barcelona.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The house is one of
those extremely rare, successful essays in the conscious production of a
vernacular building by a professional, and appropriately a significant example
of Utzon’s understanding of sun and daylight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not so long ago, the production of (vernacular) buildings,
the control of daylight, and thermal control were one and the same.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were no mechanical or electrical
means for providing visual or thermal comfort.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At this house, which Utzon called Can Lis, he developed a
most interesting approach to daylighting, one which, in a vernacular manner,
guided his design decisions throughout the project.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Utzon’s
daylighting strategy at Can Lis recognizes three ideas. The first is that a
little sunlight goes a long way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>For the most part, direct sun is visually uncomfortable and inefficient
and the same is true thermally; it is typically a mistake to bring quantities
of uncontrolled direct sun into a space.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Direct sun is fine if you are lazing on the seashore or enjoying a
leisurely stroll.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But too much
sun, even a little sun from the wrong direction, easily introduces glare and
overheating to a building interior.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Utzon’s second idea was that views of sun-washed and daylight-washed
surfaces and landscapes can bring the satisfaction of sunlight and a sense of
the passage of the day into a space while minimizing the visual and thermal
problems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Seeing the unmistakable
evidence of sun on a nearby surface or in the distance is a very effective
substitute for being exposed to direct sun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The third and crucial idea was Utzon’s recognition that in
Spain the sun follows a relatively high arc through the southern sky (at least
in comparison to his native Denmark) and therefore configuring and locating the
house’s openings toward the horizon would minimize the attack of direct sun and
maximize the intake of more desirable, diffused skylight.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<!--EndFragment--><br />
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-42518196214187397882013-01-17T09:09:00.003-08:002013-01-17T09:09:52.208-08:00Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-HOLgCJeMI98/UPgwVKDnUrI/AAAAAAAAAPE/NiHPmxtfiX0/s1600/LA+Cath+monitor.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-HOLgCJeMI98/UPgwVKDnUrI/AAAAAAAAAPE/NiHPmxtfiX0/s320/LA+Cath+monitor.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-39295209252613998062012-12-27T07:07:00.002-08:002012-12-27T07:07:18.540-08:00UCSB Faculty Club<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qJaKwFXBZek/UNxkC0XZg-I/AAAAAAAAAO0/K8ggfJxmIsY/s1600/Faculty+Club+entry+from+court.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qJaKwFXBZek/UNxkC0XZg-I/AAAAAAAAAO0/K8ggfJxmIsY/s320/Faculty+Club+entry+from+court.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-78252401540502886882012-12-27T06:58:00.002-08:002012-12-27T06:58:45.556-08:00Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PNpZyhc-_Jg/UNxhnfUcl9I/AAAAAAAAAOk/i-SQBKrWZLE/s1600/LA+Cathedral+Apse+cropped.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PNpZyhc-_Jg/UNxhnfUcl9I/AAAAAAAAAOk/i-SQBKrWZLE/s320/LA+Cathedral+Apse+cropped.jpg" width="318" /></a></div>
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-27044922243228622802012-11-23T18:23:00.002-08:002012-11-23T18:23:26.706-08:00Noon in Fairbanks, November 16<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AqE1sxep7t4/ULAvEZvd5hI/AAAAAAAAAOQ/MGs6iw2nmxI/s1600/Fairbanks+sun+at+noon+111912.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AqE1sxep7t4/ULAvEZvd5hI/AAAAAAAAAOQ/MGs6iw2nmxI/s320/Fairbanks+sun+at+noon+111912.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The sun at noon in Fairbanks, last week: a little low in the sky. The sun came up around 8:30 a.m. and set at about 4:45. It gets lower at noon and there is less daylight on the days to come.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-8423183177859822362012-11-14T16:16:00.000-08:002012-11-14T16:16:03.951-08:00Light and Dark: The 2012 AIA Alaska Convention<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I'll be attending the AIA Alaska convention this weekend to give two talks, one on light and one on darkness. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here is the convention website with a schedule for all of the speakers and events:</span><br />
<a href="http://aiaalaska.org/Pages/Convention/Schedule.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">http://aiaalaska.org/Pages/Convention/Schedule.html</span></a><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And here is the weather report:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?zoneid=AKZ222">http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?zoneid=AKZ222</a></span><br />
<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mcpU2aMIULI/UKQ0HNtMtOI/AAAAAAAAAN8/s4eBnwrhsAQ/s1600/Screen+shot+2012-11-14+at+7.01.45+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="259" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mcpU2aMIULI/UKQ0HNtMtOI/AAAAAAAAAN8/s4eBnwrhsAQ/s320/Screen+shot+2012-11-14+at+7.01.45+PM.png" width="320" /></a></div>
Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-43629590537482251832012-08-20T13:05:00.000-07:002012-08-20T13:05:18.504-07:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tlFdZUgjIqM/UDKXi8xG-eI/AAAAAAAAANc/SAf377DdK7Q/s1600/Screen+shot+2012-08-20+at+3.57.45+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="245" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tlFdZUgjIqM/UDKXi8xG-eI/AAAAAAAAANc/SAf377DdK7Q/s320/Screen+shot+2012-08-20+at+3.57.45+PM.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mansueto Library, The University of Chicago<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
Joe + Rika Mansueto Library (Helmut Jahn, Murphy / Jahn, 2011) at the
University of Chicago is very much the opposite of its older neighbor, the Joseph
Regenstein Library (Skidmore Owings and Merill / Walter Netsch, 1970).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Regenstein is a forbidding citadel
enclosed by an array of large squarish chunks of astonishingly lifeless, gray limestone
and hung in place so regularly and without reference to context as to deny the
comforting and natural distinctions between up and down, top and bottom, right
and left, north and south, east and west. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It succeeds, by means of its solidity, in distinguishing
inside and out. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are tinted
glass bays in the center bay of the structure, but other than that, glass and
daylight are relegated to the narrow interstices between chunks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is an essay in not knowing that the
exterior of a building can serve its interior and the people inside. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As point of reference, Louis I. Kahn’s
Philips Exeter Library opened in 1971 and serves as an interesting comparison
as the buildings are contemporaneous and that, at Philips Exeter, the
challenges of daylighting, up and down, inside and out, are addressed in an
integrated and coherent way.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
Mansueto, whose appearance is quite different from the Regenstein is similarly single-minded
in its approach to daylight: it admits nearly all of the available light and reveals
its interior completely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ultimately,
one asks the question as to whether it serves its inhabitants much better.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An egg-shaped network of steel holds
panels of fritted glass in place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This envelope admits virtually all of the light that falls on it and
into the staff and study areas directly below it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is much too bright, at least on sunny, summer afternoons
and it may be the same under skies of thin overcast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In full sun, the interior sizzles, visually bordering on
glare at the front desk and study tables. Several staff tables on the northwest
side are protected by umbrellas and while these protected work stations are
apparently for preservation work, if that work were moved elsewhere (as maybe
it should be) I’d keep the umbrellas in place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More would be helpful.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I visited on a warm, July afternoon and although cool, conditioned air
was fervently pumped inside, I could still feel the heat battling back against
the a.c.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Needless to say, the books
are stored below this level, a projected 3.5 million of them in a deep
multi-level, automated retail storage and retrieval system not intended for
lengthy inhabitation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
below-grade area requires little or no light.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems that you have a choice of either too much light or
none. So much for browsing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It
would be worth visiting the library under different sky conditions. My guess is
that under light overcast skies, it would still be a substantially bright
space; overcast skies can be very bright, brighter than a clear blue sky across
the entire sky dome, and this can be a visual problem.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On sunny winter days, the glare might
be worsened as it may be easier for low angle sunlight to enter into a visitor’s
cone of vision and to skim the reflective surfaces of reading tables and materials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A reading space begs for surfaces that
reflect and diffuse light into a space and for lighting variety so that readers
can find different locations that suit them, individually, and give the eyes a
rest from a uniformly lighted field. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It might also be interesting to see this space at night; the
library probably looks great from the outside with its electric light blazing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Mansueto is an elegant modern
structure, a nice object on this corner site, but a pat answer to the idea of a
library as place to care for books and to read.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here, the books are hidden and its readers entirely exposed
to sun and skylight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I suppose
that students can retreat to the old Regenstein and total electricity.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To read the other side of the argument:<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></i></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">Mansueto's
lighting design wins a </span><a href="http://www.gelighting.com/na/business_lighting/edison_award/merit/2011/pop_joe_and_rika_mansueto_library.htm"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">GE Edison Award of Merit</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">.</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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Institute of Architects' Chicago Chapter Awards the Mansueto Library a </span><a href="http://www.aiachicago.org/special_features/2011DEA/awards.asp?appId=168"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">Distinguished Building Citation of Merit</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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http://www.free-photos.biz/photographs/architecture/libraries/159534_joseph_regenstein_library__university_of_chicago.php<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
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Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-23570680184888093472012-06-04T10:13:00.000-07:002012-06-04T10:20:50.039-07:00Student Work<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Work by Betty Shreve. The images represent the entry, galleries, and circulation spaces designed for a proposed museum at the Alhambra in Granada, Spain. The views here are physical models photographed in daylight. The scale figures and artworks were added to the photos with Photoshop.</span></div>
<br />Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-71116818795021733672012-04-08T18:27:00.004-07:002012-04-08T18:34:24.423-07:00Student Work<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vsmdnx3LJG0/T4I8OntdfQI/AAAAAAAAAMk/yeRs2An-eMs/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B9.27.51%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 383px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vsmdnx3LJG0/T4I8OntdfQI/AAAAAAAAAMk/yeRs2An-eMs/s400/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B9.27.51%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5729207897844186370" /></a><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OblnTlVUQEg/T4I8OI26BTI/AAAAAAAAAMc/18dgU-69hbM/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B9.27.10%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 299px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OblnTlVUQEg/T4I8OI26BTI/AAAAAAAAAMc/18dgU-69hbM/s400/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B9.27.10%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5729207889562305842" /></a><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Work by Jason Westhouse. Digital models depicting light from the west [bottom] and light from the northern sky [top].</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-89646464229231716432012-04-08T18:01:00.003-07:002012-04-08T18:06:03.847-07:00Student Work<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wL_mIVQaBtA/T4I14hlLKVI/AAAAAAAAAL4/UKXAydl_-S8/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B8.58.38%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 289px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wL_mIVQaBtA/T4I14hlLKVI/AAAAAAAAAL4/UKXAydl_-S8/s400/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B8.58.38%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5729200921171929426" /></a><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-N0q_01z323g/T4I14c7xr-I/AAAAAAAAALs/HkDnrndmnDM/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B8.58.23%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-N0q_01z323g/T4I14c7xr-I/AAAAAAAAALs/HkDnrndmnDM/s400/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-04-08%2Bat%2B8.58.23%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5729200919924551650" /></a><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">New work by Betty Shreve. Preliminary studies for a museum at the Alhambra in Granada, Spain.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-87612446456048017042012-03-15T13:15:00.002-07:002012-03-15T13:18:33.457-07:00Student Work<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5BtNaDYmDYg/T2JOJqW96rI/AAAAAAAAAK4/hSp1o9-5Y20/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.15.06%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 215px; height: 208px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5BtNaDYmDYg/T2JOJqW96rI/AAAAAAAAAK4/hSp1o9-5Y20/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.15.06%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720220404610362034" /></a><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iOAdoYgPyow/T2JOJWwaB5I/AAAAAAAAAKw/WOi3Dav2fgc/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.14.18%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 295px; height: 221px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iOAdoYgPyow/T2JOJWwaB5I/AAAAAAAAAKw/WOi3Dav2fgc/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.14.18%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720220399348352914" /></a><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G-L5GQToibs/T2JOJNBRPcI/AAAAAAAAAKk/WYv9k2bninc/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.14.00%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 231px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G-L5GQToibs/T2JOJNBRPcI/AAAAAAAAAKk/WYv9k2bninc/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B4.14.00%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720220396734725570" /></a><br />A project by Joel Kuzich. A digitally enhanced physical model, top and middle. A comparison of digital and physical models, in daylight, under studio light, and in digital daylight.Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-1293493927495031762012-03-15T13:10:00.003-07:002012-03-15T13:12:25.166-07:00Student Work<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vmQcMGIn_ms/T2JM6Oqy_ZI/AAAAAAAAAKY/wJV-RBRycB0/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.50.27%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 275px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vmQcMGIn_ms/T2JM6Oqy_ZI/AAAAAAAAAKY/wJV-RBRycB0/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.50.27%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720219039967673746" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zJoIE2ltqcw/T2JM5UUXE0I/AAAAAAAAAKM/1wAEGWpahNs/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.49.53%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 275px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zJoIE2ltqcw/T2JM5UUXE0I/AAAAAAAAAKM/1wAEGWpahNs/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.49.53%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720219024304313154" /></a><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">A project by Christopher King. A digital study at the top and a physical model below.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-4735616832492856882012-03-15T13:05:00.003-07:002012-03-15T13:10:15.679-07:00Student Work<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jvu7xX6FCJc/T2JMgBIGATI/AAAAAAAAAKA/14-u22DfDfQ/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.48.20%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 211px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jvu7xX6FCJc/T2JMgBIGATI/AAAAAAAAAKA/14-u22DfDfQ/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.48.20%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720218589655859506" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OMcB85a1baI/T2JMFuQmSSI/AAAAAAAAAJo/GWBb2dOXIo8/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.48.38%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 214px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OMcB85a1baI/T2JMFuQmSSI/AAAAAAAAAJo/GWBb2dOXIo8/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.48.38%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720218137914657058" /></a><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">A project by Mohamad Hadla.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-22950260512882805292012-03-15T12:55:00.004-07:002012-03-15T13:24:10.148-07:00Student Work<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-1sWz51FeL0E/T2JPjJw-b-I/AAAAAAAAALI/yO2vNolHJqg/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.43.33%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 164px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-1sWz51FeL0E/T2JPjJw-b-I/AAAAAAAAALI/yO2vNolHJqg/s400/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.43.33%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720221942049304546" /></a><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CfhgPlzm2Lw/T2JLBt1_VEI/AAAAAAAAAJc/2cMdWZa3gIg/s1600/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.46.41%2BPM.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CfhgPlzm2Lw/T2JLBt1_VEI/AAAAAAAAAJc/2cMdWZa3gIg/s320/Screen%2Bshot%2B2012-03-15%2Bat%2B3.46.41%2BPM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5720216969571947586" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">February 2012</span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">We are investigating various modeling techniques to see how they help us to make design decisions with daylight. We're comparing physical models photographed in daylight and under studio lighting and using digital means to locate human figures in spaces and scaled materials on surfaces while retaining the effects of light. We are also comparing these with digitally rendered views of the same spaces. Daylight is almost always more satisfying, more convincing, but digital renderings are seductive in their artificial perfection. Using both physical and digital models, is probably the most way to work. But we'd still like to know how close a digital view can approximate daylight.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">See above for work by Erin Curley. Digitally enhanced view of a physical model of an interior space at the top and a digitally enhanced view of a courtyard at the bottom.</span></div>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-7242408986450059482011-12-04T12:05:00.000-08:002011-12-04T12:08:35.927-08:00Memory 4.0 Color<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vQAxoJAxW70/TtvTJXieVOI/AAAAAAAAAJE/EhxxwPRtJQI/s1600/MOMA%2BFrankfort%2Breflected%2Bcolor" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 214px; height: 320px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vQAxoJAxW70/TtvTJXieVOI/AAAAAAAAAJE/EhxxwPRtJQI/s320/MOMA%2BFrankfort%2Breflected%2Bcolor" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5682367512748905698" /></a><br /> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:documentproperties> <o:template>Normal.dotm</o:Template> <o:revision>0</o:Revision> <o:totaltime>0</o:TotalTime> <o:pages>1</o:Pages> <o:words>290</o:Words> <o:characters>1655</o:Characters> <o:company>Lawrence Technological University</o:Company> <o:lines>13</o:Lines> <o:paragraphs>3</o:Paragraphs> <o:characterswithspaces>2032</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:version>12.0</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:allowpng/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:drawinggridhorizontalspacing>18 pt</w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing> <w:drawinggridverticalspacing>18 pt</w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing> <w:displayhorizontaldrawinggridevery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery> <w:displayverticaldrawinggridevery>0</w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> <w:dontautofitconstrainedtables/> <w:dontvertalignintxbx/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="276"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops:.5in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">We always know where daylight has been. It originates at the sun of course, but also we know about its passage through the sky and if it has touched the landscape, another building, a surface, a material with particular colors or finishes, by its color, direction, and intensity.</span></p> <p class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops:.5in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">The blue sky is the result of the scattering of sunlight in the earth’s atmosphere.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Atoms of the gases present in the atmosphere (oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc.), water vapor, and dust, combine to absorb light in ranges other than blue; the blue is reflected to our eyes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>This sometimes results in the presence of blue tones in shadows cast on white walls on days of full blue skies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Moisture in the air results in overcast conditions and diffuses sunlight into cold, white light and gray sky; we associate gray and white skies with cool weather and have come to term white, gray, and blue as cool colors, associating color and temperature.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Daylight, early and late in the day, travels through more of the earth’s atmosphere, through more dirt and dust particles, reflecting yellow, orange and red light to us.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>These hues, the colors of fire and of hot, dry climates, have come to be called warm colors.</span></p> <p class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops:.5in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Light and architecture can employ these strategies with startling effect. At Hans Hollein’s Museum of Modern Art (Frankfort, Germany; 1991) daylight entering a gallery through tall windows on opposite sides of a narrow portion of the building touches large wall surfaces painted dark green and deep orange. The colors are reflected subtly onto white wall surfaces visible around a stair. More directly, in buildings by the Mexican architects Luis Barragan and, later, Ricardo Legoretta, hot, tropical colors are used in remarkably unlikely combinations. The bright blues, hot pinks, yellow and red tones stun the eyes; in the hot sun of Mexican or of tropical climates, the colors may be bleached by the sun. Still, the warm colors appear to amplify the sizzle associated with the heat.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <!--EndFragment-->Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-2811291302257063332011-10-23T16:33:00.000-07:002011-10-23T16:37:05.311-07:00Memory 3.0 Living on the Edge<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mBXg-YO7ob4/TqSlFXYrk7I/AAAAAAAAAI4/lj96-uvkNMc/s1600/Window%2Bseat%2BTurku%2Bcastle.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 317px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mBXg-YO7ob4/TqSlFXYrk7I/AAAAAAAAAI4/lj96-uvkNMc/s320/Window%2Bseat%2BTurku%2Bcastle.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5666835742734390194" /></a><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:documentproperties> <o:template>Normal.dotm</o:Template> <o:revision>0</o:Revision> <o:totaltime>0</o:TotalTime> <o:pages>1</o:Pages> <o:words>215</o:Words> <o:characters>1227</o:Characters> <o:company>Lawrence Technological University</o:Company> <o:lines>10</o:Lines> <o:paragraphs>2</o:Paragraphs> <o:characterswithspaces>1506</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:version>12.0</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:allowpng/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:drawinggridhorizontalspacing>18 pt</w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing> <w:drawinggridverticalspacing>18 pt</w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing> <w:displayhorizontaldrawinggridevery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery> <w:displayverticaldrawinggridevery>0</w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> <w:dontautofitconstrainedtables/> <w:dontvertalignintxbx/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" latentstylecount="276"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Window seats and bay windows are, by definition, located in exterior walls and are therefore edge places. They permit us to occupy the bounding edge of a space, which is unusual. But in itself, the window seat is a space, centered on the individual, with its own warmth and daylight that give an edge the qualities of a center. They work best in the traditional architecture of thick, masonry walls, such as at Turku Castle (Turku, Finland, 13<sup>th<span style="color:#3366FF;"> </span></sup>through 16<sup>th</sup> centuries) where the heat that comes with sunlight can be stored in thick walls to make a warm place, often at a cold exterior edge. Sunlight on the surfaces of the space signals the likely presence of warmth. The combination of protection in a cozy, warm space, right next to the cold outside, is one of those memorable associations, heightened of course, by the unlikelihood of it all. We are lent the impression that we have some control over our environment. The intimacy of the window seat, in a place that is precarious (at a glazed portion of a wall), but with a commanding view of external challenges is reminiscent of other great views: from steep hillsides, the tops of towers, the railings of bridges, and the ends piers, all of which permit us to hover above the world, in mid-air, which is to say, in mid-daylight. When these places are also comfortable, it creates an almost unbeatable combination of familiar and soothing associations with surprising visual challenges.</span><span style=" ;font-family:Helvetica;"> </span></p> <!--EndFragment-->Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-84995827407674450522011-09-14T11:04:00.000-07:002011-09-15T10:16:23.790-07:00Memory 2.0 Seeing is believing<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wgH2q86bAAo/TnDuhCGflMI/AAAAAAAAAIk/UvRtkj94SBk/s1600/AGO%2Bold%2Blobby.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 238px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-wgH2q86bAAo/TnDuhCGflMI/AAAAAAAAAIk/UvRtkj94SBk/s320/AGO%2Bold%2Blobby.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5652279783617172674" /></a><br /><div class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The recall or sight of an experience in light frequently triggers a tactile association with the warmth or coolness of that place in the same way that a phrase in conversation may bring to mind a snippet of melody that accompanies that phrase in a song. With this awareness, the designer can reinforce expectations based on our past experiences or challenge our preconceptions to establish new associations tethered to a singular place in the world.</span></div><div class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops: .5in;"><br /></div><div class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There is something indelible about discovering light at the center of a space or a structure.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps this is because light has to penetrate architecture, roofs, and walls, to find its way to the center.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daylight is familiar, but we are accustomed to finding it outside or at the edges of built spaces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The sun, the origin of all light and heat and the center of our solar system, is the prime example of the importance and pleasure we take at finding light and heat at the middle of things.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is replicated at the campfire, a display of light and heat that invites us to gather and recognize each other; it represents security in the enveloping darkness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We find the same power at the hearth, a fireplace, characterized by flickering light and radiant heat, around which we are invited to gather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The location of light, the sense of heat, and the cracking sounds of fire invite us to gather and make a center.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Light at the center is also powerful because properly designed spaces typically invite people to fully occupy a space, and not just lurk at the edges.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Light invites us to participate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It can be difficult to provide daylight at the heart of a space but, for this reason, it can be the element that reminds the designer to make inhabitable spaces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops: .5in;"><br /></div><div class="MsoHeader" style="tab-stops: .5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Discovering significant light or space inside or at the middle tinkers with our expectations. Just as we commonly see light originating at the edges of a space, our parallel expectation is that centers will be darker and more solid, permanent, and fixed. This expectation is repudiated in the structure of Fay Jones’ Thorncrown Chapel (Eureka Springs, Arkansas; 1980) where, at the very center of the diagonal cross bracing we would expect to see a solid connection between braces, there appears a trapezoid of space, an opening for light. This detail is representative of the chapel, fully glazed between wood supporting members on all sides, and with light occupying the center.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><!--EndFragment-->Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-64292610483681762152011-09-14T10:58:00.000-07:002011-09-14T10:58:47.657-07:00Memory 1.0 Seeing is believing.
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<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Daylight
remembers where it has been; it always arrives with company. It reaches us most evidently
accompanied by heat and color, which derive from its source, the sun, and from
surfaces it has touched on the way to our eyes. We can see and feel heat and color quite easily and both are
capable of influencing our perceptions and our use of space. Daylight levels and character,
including color and motion, often signal to us what the temperature of a place
is before we are close enough to feel heat or cold. It has been noted that sight may be considered an extension
of our sense of touch, enabling us to understand, at some distance from them,
how things feel. The understanding
is based on our knowledge of having seen and touched these things before. In this way, daylight messages engage
our individual memories. What we
see and what we know about light leads us to anticipate the character of a
space or a surface and to draw associations with other times and places. Associations between light, its source,
and events on the way tour eyes stimulate our own deeply held associations.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<!--EndFragment-->Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3169659771131825608.post-31664713532819218752011-08-08T08:40:00.001-07:002011-08-08T08:42:33.677-07:00Stair at the Art Institute of Chicago<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TWEjRFjL7aY/TkAD0FpRFQI/AAAAAAAAAIY/qFgqdF4S8ro/s1600/Stair%2BC%2BArt%2BInst%2Ba.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 239px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TWEjRFjL7aY/TkAD0FpRFQI/AAAAAAAAAIY/qFgqdF4S8ro/s320/Stair%2BC%2BArt%2BInst%2Ba.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5638510926871205122" /></a>
<br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;">Click on this photo for a much better rendering of shadow, detail, and color.</span>Martin Schwartzhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08596596135621818359noreply@blogger.com0